Archives: Childhood

The multitude of family structures for persons raised by gay and lesbian parents: A challenge for researchers

01.25.2012 5:43 PM

Studying persons raised by gay or lesbian parents is such a challenge. There are not so many gay and lesbian persons to begin with, the sexual identity of the parents can be fluid, children raised by persons who have identified as gay or lesbian may have started life with parents who identified as heterosexual, and even in an intact gay or lesbian relationship the children will always have come, at least in part, from somewhere else: via adoption, reproductive technologies, or a previous heterosexual encounter, relationship, or marriage.

Which means finding, naming, and making sense of the experience of these young people is and will remain an enormous challenge, given that father or mother loss is inevitably a part of their story, with such losses happening through distinctive and sometimes multiple channels that may be having independent effects on children (adoption, donor conception, single parent childbearing, divorce) and oftentimes more than one of these experiences happening over time in the life of one child.

A recent paper in the Journal of Marriage and Family, “Marriage (In)equality: The Perspectives of Adolescents and Emerging Adults With Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Parents,” by Abbie E. Goldberg and Katherine A. Kuvalanka, illustrates the variety of experiences found in even a small sample of youth raised by a gay or lesbian parent:

Participants grew up in a variety of family situations. In 20 cases, participants had been born to two mothers via donor insemination and had a biological mother and a nonbiological mother. In 22 cases, participants had been born to heterosexual parents, one or both of whom later came out as LGB (in 13 cases, their mother; in eight cases, their father; in one case, both parents). Two participants were born to a single lesbian mother, one was born to a lesbian couple and a gay male couple who coparented, one was born to a bisexual mother and a gay father, one was adopted by two gay fathers at birth, one was adopted by two lesbian mothers at birth, and one was born to heterosexual parents but later adopted by a lesbian couple via the child welfare system.


How Will the Death of Disney Moms Shape our Grief?

01.24.2012 12:18 PM

Today’s Obit.com re-posts a piece by David Jays on Disney movies and death, and aptly points out how mothers are most likely missing in Disney movies.  Does Ariel have a mom? Does Belle have a mom?  Does Jasmine have a mom?  Pinnochio has no mom.  Cinderella’s mom is dead and replaced by an evil Stepmother who competes with her.  Snow White’s mom is dead and replaced by an evil Stepmother who competes with her. In Tangled, Rapunzel is kidnapped by an evil, faux mother who uses her magic hair to stay eternally young. Sleeping Beauty has a mom, but she also doesn’t really have a name (can you think of it? It’s Aurora…) and she is in a coma. And of course, Bambi’s mom dies:

“Disney’s films are undeniably weird about mothers. Dumbo’s mother is locked up, Pinocchio lacks one entirely, while the maternal instinct curdles in stories drawn from fairy tales. Snow White’s villainous stepmother is both icy beauty and cackling hag, intent on murder. Bambi, however, is full of anodyne mothers – a herd of Stepford beasts contentedly putters along with their cubs and chicks (where are all the fathers? Do they commute to hunt and gather?). But the maternal bond truly interests Disney only when under threat. The little deer’s mother is less a character than an enveloping maternal instinct – a vague presence but an awesome, aching absence.

The studio was already preparing Bambi when Flora Disney died from carbon monoxide poisoning in 1938. According to biographer Neal Garber, “it may have been the most shattering moment of Walt Disney’s life … he was inconsolable.” He refused to discuss the death, but instructed the artists creating Pinocchio to delete all references to the wife of woodcarver Geppetto, making him a bachelor. Bambi’s trauma may have been Disney’s own.”

Granted, now a days kids are inundated with all sorts of movies and TV but for my generation Disney and Charlie Brown (no parents!) were it.  The very words “limited release” and “Disney vault” still spark anxiety in me.  Makes me wonder how Disney depictions of mother and death will shape our future caregiving and grieving practices.  Will we be looking for escape a la coma, dwarfs, balls, and beasts?  Will we be alone?  I am always struck by how despite being reunited with family and future spouse, the Disney Princesses are always depicted alone, staring off into space.  No one shares their reality, not even what they are looking at!


Casino Prep Schools

01.24.2012 11:15 AM

Dr. Lloyd Sederer, Medical Director for the New York State Office of Mental Health, coins this phrase: Casino Prep Schools, as he describes the evolution of arcades to casino-like fantasy worlds.  He writes:

In casinos for kids, in addition to the games there are drinks and food everywhere you turn: high-sugar and high-fat foods, including huge glasses of sugary beverages, nachos and potato skins in which cheese and bacon swim, sour cream like it was running water, and chicken and buffalo wings as plentiful as kudzu. These foods fuel the brain and body for the high intensity, electronic world of video games (and the few retro toss-the-ball games embedded among the digital delights). These are foods that antecede (and later accompany) the nicotine and alcohol that youth will graduate to further stimulate the reward centers of the brain.

There is also the paper gaming tickets of varying values in casinos for kids. Youth and adult players buy these at a gazebo located at the very center of the well of machines so there is never far to walk to convert paper money for valueless paper that lets you play. The tickets are paper versions of gambling chips, of course. There is a store at the rear where wads of tickets can be exchanged for stuffed toys of every color in the rainbow. The machines are programmed to let some win, some of the time, just like in any casino. But make no mistake: The house always wins.

As a mother who avoids Chuck E. Cheese or other such “pizza” and arcade destinations/Dante’s 7th ring of hell like the plague, I find myself agreeing with Dr. Sederer.  Any place that requires your children to be stamped with a matching, infrared stamp as their parents so that other adults do not steal your children under the guise of total chaos, is not somewhere I want to be.  And yet, my kids would sell their right arms to go.

Makes me wonder, whatever happened to Skee Ball?


Interesting Conversations at WashPo Today

01.09.2012 9:44 AM

A couple of interesting live question and answer forums are happening at WashPost today in their Conversations section.

The first, at 11am EST, is with Page Melton Ivie, the woman and family I opined about on Monday.  The topic:

“Page Melton Ivie’s ill husband would never be the same. She fell in love with another man. How could they find happiness, yet honor a sacred vow?

Join Page Melton Ivie and Susan Baer for a live chat on Monday, January 9 at 11 a.m. Ask your question now.”

I was surprised that no one was more up in arms over my suggestion of trying out polygamy…If you don’t have time to ask a question, at least check out the photo gallery.  There is one picture where she is sandwiched between the two men, holding their hands.  The new husband looks at the camera and she looks up at her first husband.  It’s makes me pause.

I will be interested to see what they say about vows.  I, personally, don’t think that you need to be religious to believe that vows or promises are important to civil society.  How do we support or challenge people who feel that they need to break a vow, regardless of heartbreaking the story?

The next conversation at noon also looks very interesting for parents…Topic:

“What do you do when your 7 year old begins parroting offensive hip-hop lyrics? What about when their favorite hip-hop radio station regularly runs ads for the local strip joint? Ask Abdul Ali and Natalie Hopkinson. They both recently wrote articles touching on how hip-hop has presented challenges in their parenting recently, and it affects the black community.

Join Abdul and Natalie as they discuss conflicts as parents as it relates to not only hip hop, but also the lower standards in how hip hop and other black pop is broadcast.”

 


Incarceration Generation

01.04.2012 4:13 PM

Many months ago I recorded an episode of “Our America” hosted by Lisa Ling titled “Incarceration Generation,” and I finally found time to watch it yesterday.  Following the lives of two incarcerated young men in Georgia, Nick and Royal, Ling focuses on the past and future families of these two men, wondering how their families of origin shaped their path to prison and how their imprisonment shapes the lives of their current and future families.

Ling covers much statistical and economic common ground that continues to startle. She begins with depressing statistics like “African-American men make up 6% of the total American population but 1/3 of the incarcerated.”  She reminded me of the Pew Charitable Trust funded report “1 in 100: Behind Bars in America 2008.”

“Three decades of growth in America’s prison population has quietly nudged the nation across a sobering threshold: for the first time, more than one in every 100 adults is now confined in an American jail or prison. According to figures gathered and analyzed by the Pew Public Safety Performance Project, the number of people behind bars in the United States continued to climb in 2007, saddling cash-strapped states with soaring costs they can ill afford and failing to have a clear impact either on recidivism or overall crime.

For some groups, the incarceration numbers are especially startling. While one in 30 men between the ages of 20 and 34 is behind bars, for black males in that age group the figure is one in nine. Gender adds another dimension to the picture. Men still are roughly 10 times more likely to be in jail or prison, but the female population is burgeoning at a far brisker pace. For black women in their mid- to late-30s, the incarceration rate also has hit the 1-in-100 mark. Growing older, meanwhile, continues to have a dramatic chilling effect on criminal behavior. While one in every 53 people in their 20s is behind bars, the rate for those over 55 falls to one in 837.”

Each man faced difficulties economically growing up, which in part spurred their involvement in crime. But prison has devastating effects on their hope of changing their economic outlook legally after prison as well.  She follows each man as they try to figure out how to get a job when every job application asks if you’ve ever been convicted of a felony.  As Royal’s stepfather says, “Once you’ve done time on the inside, you face a life sentence on the outside…No one will have you.”

Although the stats and the economic roots and impact of prison are humbling and eye-opening, I was struck by how the title “Incarceration Generation” could easily have been changed to “Fathers Matter and Prison is Terrible for Fatherhood.”  Ling spends a good deal of time with Nick’s girlfriend and two young sons who anticipate his release from prison soon.  One of his sons has not yet met him.   Ling asks the girlfriend what she wants when he gets home:

“I want a 2 parent, 2 income household.  If he can’t give me that, then I’m gone.”

But she is worried about male role models.  Every male in her life (dad, brother and boyfriend) is in prison.  What chance do her young sons have?  Nick seems pretty hopeless as well: he has a 9th grade education, admits he doesn’t know how to use a computer, and with being in and out of prison for the last 8 years, has no job experience.

Royal, on the other hand, is spending his days at the public library taking computer classes and filling out resumes.  His family of origin is supportive, especially his stepfather, Carl, who as an ex-convict started a non-profit organization that supports previous prisoners.  They highlight a program he leads in a Georgia school that offers training to teen dads on parenting skills.  They film him in a full cafeteria of teen boys who are already fathers.  He asks how many of them grew up with their dads.  Two raise their hands.  “Two,” he says, “Boys can make babies, but it takes a man to raise one.  Who wants to be a man?”

Overall, the negative impact of incarceration on the individual, the family, and the community as a whole is staggering, and Ling covers just a part of Georgia and she stops at description.  As I turned off the television, I realized again that description only goes so far and that it’s up to us to highlight the prescriptions that are working and to start thinking and trying more.


Middle Childhood

12.29.2011 12:02 PM

All of you who, like me, have children in “middle childhood” might be as fascinated as I was by Natalie Angier’s piece this week in the NYT summarizing recent research on this distinctive period of life:

…Said to begin around 5 or 6, when toddlerhood has ended and even the most protractedly breast-fed children have been weaned, and to end when the teen years commence, middle childhood certainly lacks the physical flamboyance of the epochs fore and aft: no gotcha cuteness of babydom, no secondary sexual billboards of pubescence.

Yet as new findings from neuroscience, evolutionary biology, paleontology and anthropology make clear, middle childhood is anything but a bland placeholder. To the contrary, it is a time of great cognitive creativity and ambition, when the brain has pretty much reached its adult size and can focus on threading together its private intranet service — on forging, organizing, amplifying and annotating the tens of billions of synaptic connections that allow brain cells and brain domains to communicate…


Some Thoughts On The Parenting Report from a Young Parent

12.08.2011 4:34 AM

Tonight I am sitting in Columbia Hospital’s Emergency Room reading the State of Our Unions. Amidst the family medical emergency that brought me here, I’m surprised to find myself smiling. I’m smiling because despite what all my friends, and my parents, and my in-laws, and my extended family have been telling me for years about my life choices, the brilliantly done, nation wide research, (and thoughtful commentary I might add) says that I should be just fine.

Between the charts and statistics and numbers it was as if a hope I had always held was given a voice for the first time. I gleefully raced through the pages. “All along I have been right!,” I exclaimed to no one. Perhaps the most delicious satisfaction was the bit on martial happiness leveling out for childless and parenting couples. Many onlookers into my ‘parental emergencies’ as the report called them, have wondered why two attractive, educated, and vocationally successful couple in their young twenties would inflict themselves with the perpetual crisis’s of parenthood. (Are you allowed to publically refer to yourself as attractive? My daughter thinks I’m pretty when I wear things that twirl. I’m going to go with it.) I’ve always had this gut feeling that while my childless married friends were reading in central park, and going to concerts in Brooklyn, and out to dinners alone, that our beautifully chaotic family adventure would land us not far from them given a few years. That my days filled mostly with wiping things would be what Elizabeth Marquardt so wonderfully described as “a dip in marital happiness” that is simply “more sudden for parents…whereas nonparents experience a more gradual decline in marital quality.” Our serial hobbying friends might argue that our choices to parent young haven’t turned out so well, because to be honest, a lot of days are hard. A lot of days I don’t feel so happy. It’s true that happiness is a truthful indicator of a life well lived— but an important distinction must be made between a deep undercurrent of happiness and a daily, more circumstantially based happiness.

A year or so ago New York Magazine published an article: All Joy and No Fun Why Parents Hate Parenting. It was a national embarrassment. Parenting, they announced, decreased your level of happiness but increased your joy. Um, duh. Similar headlines could have read: recent study shows that watching movies on your sofa is more enjoyable than jogging. Or, experts show that going to a party college is more fun than an Ivy League school. Yea, in a sense. But there are different types of happiness. There is the happiness of eating a really amazing burger with a milkshake. And there is the happiness of being healthy, energized, and slender because you choose every day to eat nutritionally. If you take a snap shot look at two people respectively and ask who is happier and more satisfied, it’s an obvious answer. But is it? For years I’ve come up on the short side of what always felt like an unfair comparison. I’ve never been the person who went with the hamburger.

It’s no surprise to me that the study outlined how one of the most significant predictor of martial happiness is a college education. Perhaps part of this is because college is one of the first major endeavors a young person is expected to complete. I know when my employers have taken a cursory glance at my degree all they really cared about was the fact that I finished. I had what it took to finish the degree. That says something about you as a person, how strong your will is, how capable your follow-through is, to what extent you are capable of being motivated by things other than the human appetites.

People who have what it takes to delay gratification and to sow in anticipation of reaping, are people who have found deeper undercurrents of happiness that are rooted in the human experience of loving relationships and the discovery of their fullest identity and purpose. It’s no surprise that the report found a strong valuing of having meaning and significance among parents. Now, I’m a very ambitious person. I wasn’t one of those ‘I just want to be a mom when I grow up’ kind of girls. I am pure determination. I had my sights set on Harvard grad school when I first got pregnant. I am an author. I bring research projects to the beach. And yet, as I sat next to my two year old during the new Muppet movie I found myself quietly resonating with Kermit the Frog: “Maybe you don’t need the whole world to love you, you know? Maybe you just need one person.” It was humbling to admit that if something were to happen to me, it would not be my academic colleagues or readers who would miss or honor me. It would be my children. I am irreplaceable to my family in a way I could never be to anyone else in my life. Perhaps an even quieter, more vulnerable thought, was the realization that maybe I was starting to be ok with that.

 


‘Divorcing marriage from children’

12.07.2011 3:28 PM

A two part series by George Mason law professor Helen Alvaré, at Public Discourse:

The first part of this series summarized two centuries of Supreme Court opinions identifying the state’s interest in marriage with its interests in children, their formation for self-government, and the building of a decentralized society. Today, however, those who demand state recognition of same-sex marriage either ignore or minimize the relationship between marriage law and children’s welfare. In light of the Supreme Court decisions discussed here yesterday, this seems a foolish strategy, bound to fail.

Yet it is making some headway. To understand this, is it necessary to grasp how myriad family law developments over the last forty to fifty years have ignored or minimized children’s interests, thus paving the way for the arguments same-sex marriage proponents advance today. For example, as against the idea that marriage and child well-being go together, state laws approving no-fault divorce and normalizing cohabitation (by enforcing cohabitation agreements) do not take children’s presence in a household into consideration at all. Rather, they allow more and more children to be reared outside of households containing their married, biological parents. They also expose more children to instability in living arrangements, and to stepparents and new boyfriends, each of which is, on average, correlated with increased risks to children’s safety and to their emotional and educational achievement. more


‘Parent-Child Relationships in Children’s Literature’

11.30.2011 10:36 AM

A paper by Maria Donata Panforti, professor of comparative law at University of Modena-Reggio Emilia, Italy, in the newly-launched International Journal of the Jurisprudence of the Family.

Papers are not available free online so I’ve excerpted an interesting bit of this paper, below.

See this link for full table of contents with many other interesting papers.

…According to the reading I suggest, then, Pinnochio is born in a single-parent family; moreover, that parent is a man (Gepetto, who is a joiner). He is conceived through an unusual and unnatural technique that makes us think of assisted reproduction (he is a piece of wood carved out by his father). He is reared by Gepetto, but from time to time, and indeed in some key moments of the plot, a female character intervenes, first called the Child with turquoise hair, later on also the Fairy. Read More


The Onion: ‘Nation’s 10-Year-Old Boys: ‘If You See Someone Raping Us, Please Call The Police”

11.30.2011 9:52 AM

UNIVERSITY PARK, PA—In the wake of the sex abuse scandal that rocked Penn State earlier this month, a coalition of 10-year-old boys from across the nation held a press conference Saturday outside Beaver Stadium, home of college football’s Nittany Lions, to remind Americans that if they see someone raping a prepubescent boy, they should contact the police immediately.

“Considering that the monstrous acts perpetrated by Jerry Sandusky went unreported for years, even after a fellow coach saw him raping a 10-year-old boy inside the facility behind me, we feel perhaps not everyone is totally clear on what to do if one witnesses such a thing,” said spokesperson Joshua Pearson, who was flanked by several of his fifth-grade colleagues. “Many of you will no doubt be relieved to know the proper course of action is really quite simple: Just contact the police. Call 911, go to your local precinct, stop an officer on the street—the bottom line is, if you see one of us getting raped, notify the police, and do so as quickly as possible.” Read More


How old do you think a child should be to ride a train alone?

11.23.2011 6:18 PM

“Amtrak Bans 12-Year-Old Unaccompanied Child Riders”


A Dragon Mom, Indeed

10.17.2011 9:54 AM

When I first began serving in hospice care as a chaplain, I was surprised to learn that we cared for babies and toddlers.  On the one hand, many diseases that once took the lives of infants and children are quite treatable and thus beatable, but still there are children who die.  Most of these children are born with genetic anomalies that effect the growth of the heart or with brain encephalitis.  Many of these infants can even develop normally for some time, but the shadow of death never leaves.

I have been stunned to learn that most of the conditions that cause death in children are incredibly cruel.  I learned of Tay-Sachs disease about a year ago.  We were preparing to admit a 3 year-old with the disease and none of us on the team had heard of the disease so we looked it up.

“Infants with Tay-Sachs disease appear to develop normally for the first few months of life. Then, as nerve cells become distended with fatty material, a relentless deterioration of mental and physical abilities occurs. The child becomes blind, deaf, and unable to swallow. Muscles begin to atrophy and paralysis sets in. Other neurological symptoms include dementia, seizures, and an increased startle reflex to noise.”

Without a feeding tube most children die before age 3.  Our team sat in stunned silence.  Just when you think that there couldn’t be a crueler way to die, one presents itself.

I do not have a child with a terminal illness, but I have witnessed parents that do, and they are amazing people.  When our first son was born, I sat in stunned silence realizing that there was now someone in this world whose death would devastate me in ways that my own never could.  My own existence seemed like folly to the weight of wanting this little person to survive and thrive.  There is a fierceness and grace and even normalcy to parents of a terminally child that renews my hope in the seasons of existence and that love is worth it, no matter the length of time given to love.

Yesterday, a powerful piece by Emily Rapp, a mother of a son living with Tay-Sachs, was in the NYTimes Opinion pages.  Her words touch the heart and she closes with these words to all parents:

“This is a love story, and like all great love stories, it is a story of loss. Parenting, I’ve come to understand, is about loving my child today. Now. In fact, for any parent, anywhere, that’s all there is.”

 

 


Complex Family Forms from Children’s Perspective

09.28.2011 11:31 AM

In a newsletter out of the Institute for Research on Poverty at the University of Wisconsin, researchers Maria Cancian, Daniel R. Meyer, and Steven T. Cook summarize a recent Demography article on a theme near and dear to my heart: “Stepparents and half-siblings: Family complexity from a child’s point of view.”

One interesting fact: They find that “60 percent of firstborn children of unmarried mothers have at least one half-sibling by age 10.” Also, “Children who have half-siblings on their mother’s side are also more likely to have half-siblings on their father’s side…” Complex, indeed.


Does Singing Violent Lyrics Make us More Violent?

09.23.2011 2:05 PM

I am a sucker for singing contest reality shows in general, but my hands-down favorite is “The Sing-Off.”  The show premiered its third season last Monday and features a capella groups from across the country who arrange and sing their own versions of popular songs.  They are then judged by the incomparable Ben Folds, Sara Bareilles, and Sean Stockman (shout out to the BTW class of ’93 and our senior song, the Boyz 2 Men hit “End of the Road,” which in hindsight is a really depressing senior song but great to sing en masse, tears flowing.)

I don’t listen to a great deal of pop music so the show introduces me to what people, and I assume mainly teenagers, are listening to.  The show started with the University of Rochester’s Yellowjackets singing the uplifting World Cup theme from K’Naan, “Wavin’ Flag.”  Great beat, great lyrics:

“When I get older I will be stronger

They’ll call me freedom, just like a wavin’ flag…”

Everybody’s on their feet, waving arms and flags to the beat.  Goosebumps.

Then came the all girls group, Delilah, singing Bruno Mars’ “Grenade.”  Now I love joyfully bopping around to Mars’ “Just the Way You Are,” as much as the next gal, but when you slow down and clearly enunciate the lyrics to “Grenade” your mind is filled with disturbing and violent imagery.

“To give me all your love is all I ever asked

‘Cause what you don’t understand

Is I’d catch a grenade for ya

I’d jump in front of a train for ya

You know I’d do anything for ya

See I would go through all this pain

Take a bullet straight through my brain

Yes I would die for ya, baby

But you won’t do the same…”

Do we really want our young people to believe that love means threatening to do violence to your body and brain until the person reciprocates your level of emotion?  And yes, I know drama sells.  In this day and age, Bruno Mars is not going to sell songs about calmly realizing that sometimes a person just doesn’t feel the same way about you as you do for them, and that you’ll be okay.  There’s a reason that Romeo and Juliet were not in their 30’s but were teenagers.  The likelihood that a teenager will look at a list of multiple choice answers of how to respond to heartbreak and loss and choose the most dramatic one is fairly high.  Thankfully, most of us reach our 20’s and our frontal lobe finishes developing and we realize that if answer C. ends in death, DON’T PICK C!!!

I was saddened to see the violent trend in song selection continue on the show with Urban Method, a group that features a rapper, choosing to perform Eminem and Rihanna’s “Love the Way You Lie.”  This song tells the story of a couple where the man beats the woman and she stays because she both likes likes it and likes pretending that when he says he won’t do it again he’s telling the truth.  The woman sings the chorus again and again:

“Just gonna stand there and watch me burn

Well that’s all right because I like the way it hurts

Just gonna stand there and watch me cry

Well that’s all right because I love the way you lie…”

The man’s part, which walks you through his possessive rage as well as the incidents of abuse and physical threats toward the “woman he loves,” at least acknowledges that what he is feeling and doing is wrong, evil, and something he wishes he didn’t do:

“…it’s awful I feel so ashamed

I snap, ‘Who’s that dude?’ I don’t even know his name

I laid hands on her, I never stoop so low again…”

She of course responds with the chorus telling him it’s all right, I like the way it hurts.

Now, I am not terribly naïve.  Are there many real, non-rapper/pop artist people involved in sick, sadistic relationships?  Sadly, I’m sure, yes.  Are there much sicker and perverse songs out there about those types of relationships?  I imagine so.  But those songs not being sung by young kids, a cappella, at 7pm CST on the “Sing-Off” where the judges responded, “Wow.  That was powerful.”  I wanted to yell, “No!! Sadistic and sick is not the same thing as powerful!”  And, bopping around the Sing-off stage talking about shooting ourselves in the brain for someone or tying the person we love to a bed and setting the house on fire in order to ensure that she never loves anyone else, is normalizing some pretty disturbing behavior.

With these violent lyrics filling our young people’s mouths like gravel, is there any hope they’ll ever sing “Wavin’ Flag?

“When I get older, I will be stronger…”

No, they will not be stronger but instead weaker and enslaved to violent and sick images of human relationships that the market proclaims and sells as “powerful.”

Whew, and I get this worked up over an a cappella singing show!

 


Babies, Habits, and Aristotle

09.19.2011 11:13 AM

With a baby on the way (six weeks away, if he comes close to his due date!), I’ve been thinking some about how I want to live. I have a tendency to set goals and cast grand visions, but to put off the daily practice that will get me to those goals. One example: I’ve been wanting to get into the habit of exercising my whole pregnancy. And now that it’s almost over, I’m finally buying a yoga mat.

When I’m a parent, though, how will I be able to teach my son to save his money, for example, if I myself don’t have a budget? It seems that we learn the most from our parents by what they do, not by what they say. I don’t ever remember my mom lecturing me about spending money wisely, but I did watch her cut coupons out of the papers and compare prices in the sales ad while making her grocery list. And she passed her habit down to me. I don’t remember her telling me to be generous, but I do remember her taking meals to neighbors after they’d had babies or been sick. I don’t remember her lecturing me about living a life of faith, but I do remember seeing her take a moment in the afternoons while us kids were playing to sit in her pink lazy boy to read, pray, and journal.

This also struck me when I was reading through some of the posts in “The Virtual Thrift Club” at The Dollar Stretcher.com, In one thread called “Childhood Memories of Money” people recall how their parents dealt with tough financial times (like the Great Depression), and note how this has affected their own thrift habits. I know that’s why my mom is thrifty—because her Iowa farmer parents had to be.

Of course, I hear parents all the time talking about how they’re not perfect and that they make mistakes—and I know that there’s no sense in having a guilt complex over every missed opportunity or fault. But I do feel like becoming a parent is going to act as a kind of check on my behavior. It’ll make me do a double take before I reach for that package of Oreos at the grocery store. It’ll make me pray more. It’ll make me manage my time better. Perhaps I’m being naïve, though. Maybe some of you more experienced parents can fill me in if that’s the case? :)

The point, though, is that parents model a life for us, and we often learn our habits from them. And this matters, because as Aristotle noted, “We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, therefore, is not an act, but a habit.”


Into the Woods…

09.09.2011 1:09 PM

In the past week, I’ve been reading Judith Wallerstein’s insightful and breathtaking work, The Unexpected Legacy of Divorce: The 25 Year Landmark Study as well as Kevin Wilson’s fascinating new novel The Family Fang.  As I look back on the real and fictional terrain they cover, tracing the perspectives of children attempting to survive their families and live to adulthood, I see their point crystal-clear:

If you are a parent to a child, be an adult.

Wallerstein points out that the odds of your being and acting like an adult in service to the healthy development and maturation of your child are higher if you are married, but the true enemy of childhood is chaos.  Although intact families can be chaotic, divorce always brings structural and emotional chaos to a family system.

“Their lives begin with an intact family that one day vanishes…For children, divorce is a watershed that permanently alters their lives.  The world is newly perceived as far less reliable, more dangerous place because the closest relationships in their lives can no longer be expected to hold firm.  More than anything else, this new anxiety represents the end of childhood.” (31 and 60)

However, chaos can reign in intact families, in single family homes, in co-habiting homes…and chaos is always bad for kids.  Children need adults to be in charge and who put their development first.  I like her description of what being an adult on behalf of your child looks like:

“In a well-functioning family, mothers and fathers are in the background as children grow up.  Their role is to create a safe and supportive place for the children, whose job during elementary and junior high is to go to school, play, make friends, and simply grow up…Their parents should encourage, applaud, feed and clothe the players…the things that can make a difference in the child’s life always involve sacrifice and change on the part of one or both parents.” (57 and 257)

In other words, children should not necessarily see their parents, but they should not disappear.

In the Kevin Wilson’s Fang family, chaos reigns supreme. Camille and Caleb Fang, the parents, are explicit that their lives are devoted to creating chaos as art.  Carefully orchestrated and recorded moments of societal dissonance enmesh them to each other and to the world of artistic expression.  And then children come along.  Although Annie and Buster see themselves as children and individuals, their parents refer to them as Child A and Child B, or simply A and B, who are then dragged along and incorporated into the family act.  The parents see the children as equal players in their life work, but children see the world and their family much differently than adults do.  As Buster muses:

“How often had their parents sent them into the wilderness of a mall or public park or private party and asked them only to be prepared, to open themselves up to the infinite possibilities that their parents, god-like, would create?” (167)

Children are at the mercy of their parents, and chaos makes pretty unmerciful parents. Everyone in the family cannot be center stage in order for the children to mature into a healthy adulthood that is defined by meaningful relationships and meaningful work. Neither Fang child can figure out what to do nor who to be with, and when they do step out in faith they are terrified.  Buster speaks of his choice to try to be in a relationship:

“Actually, it seemed like a good idea, but I was terrified of it.  I feel like I’ve always done things that were profoundly bad ideas, and it’s always ended exactly as you’d expect.  That comes from Mom and Dad.” (233)

And then their parents disappear for real.  I won’t spoil the book for you, since you really must read it, but they spend the remainder of the book sorting through this dilemma:

“They (the siblings) would forever come to this impasse.  Buster wanted to believe that his parents still loved them, that they planned all of this as a way to save their children from falling apart and to make them strong. Annie, however, was certain that their parents had created something just for themselves, and that they did not care what pain they caused in service to this idea.” (169)

In childhood and young adulthood, they have no adults to help them negotiate this mine-field of relative meaning.

I first fell in love with Kevin Wilson’s writing with his collection of short stories, Tunneling to the Center of the Earth. I have been fascinated by how in both his stories and this novel, parents suddenly disappear, often exploding in fiery flames.  At first glance, one would think that incorporating the idea of spontaneous combustion would be a narrative stretch, but I wonder if Wilson is not a child of divorce.  In one short story, a young man’s parents spontaneously combust on a train and he is left to raise his younger brother.  He supports them financially by working in a Scrabble tile sorting factory, where each day he stands knee deep in lettered tiles searching to create words from the sea of letters around him.  His family has disappeared, he is deeply lonely, and he lives in a world full of meaning that is opaque and confusing to him.  And the tiles just keep falling.

As Wallerstein writes of chaotic family systems:

“there is far less opportunity to escape from the madness that surrounds them because there are no true adults to give them a helping hand.” (150)

Both Wallerstein and Wilson follow young people traversing the wilderness of growing up.  I think of Little Red Riding Hood who is sent into the wilderness to tend to the needs of the previous generation, her grandmother, and along the way is led astray.  Her mother, no father is mentioned, tries to provide a roadmap, but in a time of distress she is not backstage ready to help and encourage and support.  Little Red is swallowed up by the wilderness and with the countless different endings to the story you can choose, she is left to create meaning for herself.

As Little Red sings in Sondheim’s Into the Woods at the close of her journey into and out of the woods:

“And I know things now, many valuable things,

That I hadn’t thought to explore,

Do not put your faith in a cape and hood,

They will not protect you the way that they should,

And take extra care with strangers,

Even flowers have their dangers,

And though scary is exciting,

Nice is different than good.”

The world is wild, so if you are raising a child, be an adult.


What’s in a Name?

08.25.2011 12:49 PM

I have always loved turning.  In ballet, I always considered turning to be my thing, especially after I learned that much of my success in completing a turn lay not in my head or arms but in my feet.  A small adjustment in my feet placement and a genuine commitment to being properly grounded could make all the difference in completing a series of turns without throwing up in dizziness.

Returning to the dance studio, I have found one of my greatest challenges to lie in feeling grounded.  For example, our teacher reminded our class doing a pirouette combination last Monday, “Do not let your foot leave the floor, until it has left the floor.”  This is very hard.  Most of us do not think about when our foot connects to the floor or leaves the floor.  Just try it the next time you walk.  You will most likely have to slow down and think through how your heel, arch, ball, and toes work.  When I think about how my foot is grounded I am thankful that most of the time staying connected happens by default.  I don’t want to have to work to stay connected.

For the last few weeks I have been immersed in obituaries and computer databases, searching for the contact information for bereaved children and stepchildren of deceased Baby Boomers.  My mind is a jumble of addresses, phone numbers and e-mail addresses.  Although quite tedious at times, I’ve grown to feel a great deal of affection for the names themselves and the ways that our names connects us to parents, siblings, spouses and children.

Some observations:

You can always be tracked by your birth name.  I’ve found that men are easiest to find since their names do not typically shift with the covenant of marriage.  I’ve learned to search for women with their birth name, even if the obituary lists their married name and name of spouse.  The birth name always comes up and married names come up under “alternate” names along with common misspellings of your birth name.

Your biological siblings will always be connected to you.  By sharing a mother and father and a last name, you will rarely shake your brother or sister.  Despite distance and time, those biological siblings are like shadow selves, a virtual communion of saints who companion you.

Computer databases struggle to connect you to anyone NOT related to you by blood.  If you have been married for a while, the spouse will tend to be in your list of relatives, but if you are female and your last name has changed, the computer will hedge on how permanent that new name will be.  The married name is often found in the “alternate” or “also listed under” category.

Despite how much you may love your stepparent, stepson/stepdaughter, mom’s boyfriend’s child, traditional tracking systems will rarely connect you.  If you are not related by blood, you are unmoored, floating in a universe of your own.  These folks tend to have many names listed in the “possible roommates/associates” column.  I most often find stepchildren and stepparents listed as roommates or associates.  In other words, these family members are on equal footing with your college roommate.   And the system isn’t confident about connecting you, it’s always just “possible.”

Old age runs in families.  Not rocket science, but as I trace families, some are decimated with death and disease and some have countless members who are 100+.  For example, the Rosenburgers have 3 family members who are over 100.  If you are a Rosenburger, good for you, and if not, I would highly recommend marrying one on the chance that your children could have a long life.

Contrary to current rumor, AOL e-mail addresses are not dead.  However, they are only alive and well for people in their late 30’s and early 40’s.  People in this age range tend to have simple, straight-forward AOL addresses that consist of their name and aol.com.  No numbers, no cute phrases.  It is painfully obvious that everyone in this group picked up AOL CD’s in the mid- to late- 90’s and signed up for dial-up e-mail.  They were able to get their name as their e-mail address because, frankly, no one had e-mail yet. (Note to AOL: market to folks in their late 30’s and early 40’s.  They are either too lazy to get a new e-mail provider, nostalgic about keeping their first e-mail address, or deeply devoted to AOL.  Either way, there’s your market. Figure out how to make us happy.)

As a rule, people in their twenties should not be trusted to choose their own e-mail monikers.  Bad taste abounds.  Some sort of default name and numbering system should be instituted in order to save these young people from future embarrassment.  A guiding principle could be that you should not put anything in your e-mail address you would not want chiseled on your tombstone.  The word “pimp” is never cute nor appropriate, unless you are a famous rapper.  “Sweet” and “Bigz” and “MMMMBeer” should never be allowed.  When choosing, imagine your funeral: “We gather together today to remember SweetLousianaSpacePimp…” Just wrong.

And finally, in this day and age, there are many around us who we must consciously choose to stay connected.  Many families are not by default connected, a default that is a privilege.  Many children from in-tact families have built-in universes that hopefully buffer that young person from the harsh realities of life, create a financial, emotional, and spiritual safety net that enables confident risk-taking and personal development, and, at the end of the day, helps people find you.  People know where you are, your life has weight and permanence.

Last week I attended the open house at my childrens’ elementary school.  The hallway walls were covered with art work and I slowed to admire the drawings, many of which were pictures of families.  Many 8X10 pages were filled completely with parents, kids, animals, sunshine, and names.  Pictures where parents are bigger than the world and children are sheltered by parents and there is boisterous, raucous life spilling out everywhere.  But there were also many quiet pictures.  One such picture made me pause.  A lovely picture colored entirely in light red, not one smudge of white showed through the waxy red crayon.  In the middle of the page were two small figures, about the size of pennies, labeled “Me and my Mom.”  Even now, this picture demands my still attention and I hear my heart beat echo in my throat.  This child is connected, to a parent, to a loving school, to a lively neighborhood, but this child must work.  Work to stay connected in a big, red, world that seeks to diminish at every turn.

The world keeps on spinning and, whether by default or through hard work, being grounded can mean the difference between confident success and fearful dizziness.


The Daughters of the Second Wave

07.25.2011 12:26 PM

Erica Jong’s daughter, Molly, below.

Alice Walker’s daughter, Rebecca:

…Ironically, my mother regards herself as a hugely maternal woman. Believing
that women are suppressed, she has campaigned for their rights around the world and set up organisations to aid women abandoned in Africa  -  offering herself up as a mother figure.

But, while she has taken care of daughters all over the world and is hugely revered for her public work and service, my childhood tells a very different  story. I came very low down in her priorities  -  after work, political integrity, self-fulfilment, friendships, spiritual life, fame and travel

 


‘Immigrant Children’

04.14.2011 5:37 PM

The Future of Children series, published by Brookings and Princeton, just released its newest issue on immigrant children.

The well-being of immigrant children is especially important to the nation because they are the fastest-growing segment of the U.S. population

More here.


Lead Author of Child Trends Brief Responds

04.12.2011 1:26 PM

Kristin Moore, lead author of the new Child Trends brief I blogged about below, responded to observations by me and other commenters on the post, here. I have reposted her comment here. My thanks to her for responding.

From the lead author of the Child Trends brief: I’m glad for the opportunity to respond to some of the issues raised in these comments. For this study, I was interested in exploring an important hypothesis that hasn’t been previously examined because the necessary data have not been available — the breadth and consistency of the association between couple relationship quality and child outcomes. Some people have said that the association reflects a middle class phenomenon that does not extend to other groups, so I wanted to test that assumption, which I think is a very important question.

The association between family structure and child outcomes is well-established and has been documented repeatedly, e.g., in the Future of Children special edition on the subject and many articles in the Journal of Marriage and Family and in Demography, so that wasn’t the focus of this new research. I think that the hypothesis that was tested is very important and (while caveats exist and are noted in the brief) the analysis represents a contribution to what is known about couple relationship quality and child outcomes.

-Kristin A. Moore
Senior Scholar, Child Trends